Living Environment Regents Practice Test

How can the production of fertilizers be considered a trade-off?

1. They only benefit farmers

2. They can harm environments while aiding plant growth

3. They require extensive land use

4. They lead directly to food shortages

The correct answer is: They can harm environments while aiding plant growth

The production of fertilizers can indeed be seen as a trade-off because, while they significantly aid in promoting plant growth and increasing agricultural yields, they can simultaneously have detrimental effects on the environment. Fertilizers often contain chemicals that, when used excessively or improperly, can runoff into nearby water bodies, leading to problems such as eutrophication. This process causes algal blooms that deplete oxygen in the water, harming aquatic life. Additionally, the production and application of fertilizers can contribute to soil degradation and pollution. This dual effect—enhancing agricultural productivity while posing risks to environmental health—clearly illustrates the concept of a trade-off, where the benefits of increased food production must be weighed against potential harm to ecosystems.