Living Environment Regents Practice Test

In what situation would a person's heart rate likely decrease?

1. During physical exertion

2. When resting after exercise

3. During periods of stress

4. After consuming caffeine

The correct answer is: When resting after exercise

When a person rests after exercise, the heart rate is likely to decrease as the body transitions from a state of high physical activity back to a more relaxed condition. During exercise, the heart rate increases to supply the muscles with more oxygenated blood needed for energy. Once the activity stops and the individual begins to relax, the demand for oxygen decreases, and the heart slows down to maintain a resting state. In contrast, when engaging in physical exertion, the heart rate increases to meet the higher demand for oxygen. Similarly, during periods of stress, the body tends to enter a "fight or flight" response, typically causing an increase in heart rate due to the release of adrenaline and other stress hormones. After consuming caffeine, an individual usually experiences an increase in heart rate as caffeine stimulates the central nervous system, boosting alertness and awareness. Thus, resting after exercise is a time for the heart to slow down and recover from the exertion.